Guwahati: Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve has released the results of its first-ever Grassland Bird Survey, documenting 43 species across its floodplain grasslands—including one Critically Endangered, two Endangered, and six Vulnerable species. The findings mark a significant expansion in Kaziranga’s conservation narrative, which until now has focused largely on its iconic megafauna like rhinoceroses and tigers.
Conducted between March 18 and May 25 across the Eastern Assam, Biswanath, and Nagaon Wildlife Divisions, the survey focused exclusively on avifauna inhabiting Kaziranga’s unique and under-studied grassland ecosystems.
“This initiative represents the first dedicated attempt to assess grassland avifauna across this ecologically critical landscape,” said Dr Sonali Ghosh, Field Director of Kaziranga National Park. Using point count surveys and passive acoustic monitoring, researchers recorded 43 grassland bird species, some of which are rarely observed due to their cryptic behavior and remote habitats.
Among the standout discoveries was a breeding colony of the endangered Finn’s Weaver (Ploceus megarhynchus) in the Kohora Range. Known for its intricate nest-building atop trees and elusive nature, the Finn’s Weaver is seen as a vital indicator of grassland health.
The survey also focused on ten priority species of global and regional conservation concern:
• Bengal Florican
• Swamp Francolin
• Finn’s Weaver
• Swamp Grass Babbler
• Jerdon’s Babbler
• Slender-billed Babbler
• Black-breasted Parrotbill
• Marsh Babbler
• Bristled Grassbird
• Indian Grassbird
Researchers deployed passive acoustic recorders—a non-invasive technology allowing for continuous monitoring in high-risk or inaccessible areas. This method proved crucial in detecting secretive and low-frequency species, contributing to a more comprehensive dataset.
The report, launched on July 11 by the Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change at Kaziranga, is being hailed as a landmark in Indian avifauna research. It involved collaboration among top ornithologists, conservation scientists, and forest officials, including Dr Asad R Rahmani, Dr Anwar Uddin Choudhury, Dr Udayan Borthakur, Dr Ranjan Kumar Das, and Dr Smarajit Ojah.
“This survey identifies critical grassland habitats within Kaziranga that support unique and threatened species. It highlights the need for targeted habitat management and protection,” said Dr Ghosh.
Assam Forest Minister Chandra Mohan Patowary took to social media to celebrate the milestone, stating, “Thrilled to share that Kaziranga’s first-ever grassland bird survey has recorded 43 grassland bird species—including 1 Critically Endangered, 2 Endangered, and 6 Vulnerable species, plus several regional endemics… Our commitment to science-backed management continues strong!”
The report has been widely welcomed as a foundational step in long-term conservation planning for grassland birds in India. Conservationists say Kaziranga’s work serves as a model for integrating rigorous science into the management of protected areas, and helps reframe the park as a key sanctuary for avifaunal diversity within the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot.
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